ACYCLOVIR

TRADE NAME
Acifar, clinofir, clopres, herax, danovir, herpiclof, licovir, molavir, palovir, quavir, scanovir, temiral, viralis, vircovir, vireth, virules, zoter, Zovirax, zyrolax)
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Acyclovir is active against herpes viruses but can not eliminate them. Aciclovir is used in the infection of chickenpox (varicella zoster) or herpes simplex infections of the skin and mucous membranes. Can be applied in the mouth on canker sores caused by herpes virus, and smeared in the eyes of the eye caused by herpes simplex infection, and combined with systemic therapy on herpes optalmika (infection by the herpes zoster)

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INDICATIONS
Herpes simplex infection, varicella zoster.
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CONTRAINDICATIONS

    * Beware of use in renal impairment, advanced age.
    * There are no known dangers to pregnant women.
    * In a significant amount excreted in breast milk, but it is quite safe to use.
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DOSE
Per oral
Genital herpes simplex is not

    * Children 1 month - 2 years: 100 mg, 5 times daily for 5 days. (May be longer if there is no improvement, the dose can be increased in patients with imunokompromise or absorption disorders)
    * Children over 2 years and adults: 200 mg, 5 times daily for 5 days.
Genital herpes simplex

    * 200 mg, 5 times daily or 400 mg, 3 times daily for 5 days.
    * Patients imunokompromise or HIV: 400 mg, 5 times daily for 70-10 days in the first infection. 400mg, 3 times daily for 5-10 days in recurrent infections.
Herpes simplex, prevention of recurrence

    * 200 mg, 4 times daily or 400 mg, twice a day. Can be reduced to 200mg, 2-3 times a day. The dose can be increased up to 400mg, 3 times a day if the disease appears during therapy. Every 6-12 months, the therapy is stopped to conduct the revaluation.
Herpes simplex, prevention in patients imunokompromise.

    * 200-400 mg, 4 times a day.
    * Children <2 years 100-200 mg, 4 times a day
Varicella and Herpes Zoster

    * Children 1 month to 12 years: 20mg/kg (max.800mg) 4 times daily for 5 days.
    * Adults: 800 mg, 5 times daily for 7 days.
Via intravenous infusion:

    * Neonates: 10-20 mg / kg every 8 hours for 14 days (21 days if there is infection of the central nervous system)
    * Children 1-3 months: 10-20 mg / kg every 8 hours for 7 days.
    * Children 3 months - 12 years: 250mg/m2 every 8 hours for 5 days.
    * Children 12-18 years: 5 mg / kg every 8 hours for 5 days.
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SPECIMENS

    * Tablets 200 mg, 400 mg
    * 25mg/ml Vial: 10 ml, 20ml, 40ml
    * Eye ointment (ointment 3%); Indications: keratitis caused by herpes simplex, herpes simplex infection sitemik. Dose: for herpes simplex keratitis, dab the eyes with a dose (children and adults) 1 cm ointment 5 times a day. Continue up to 3 days after complete recovery. Side effects: local irritation, inflammation, hypersensitivity reactions (rare).
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SIDE EFFECTS
Nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, headache, fatigue, rash, itching, sensitivity to light. Very rare: hepatitis, kuninga, shortness of breath, nervous disorders, acute renal failure, anemia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and the infusion may occur through the use of local inflammation of mild to severe.
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DRUG INTERACTION

    * Cyclosporine: increased risk of kidney damage.
    * Cytotoxic: mycophenolate increase in blood levels of aciclovir.
    * Probenecid: reducing the excretion of aciclovir thereby increasing the levels of aciclovir in the blood.
    * Tacrolimus: increased risk of kidney damage.