Interstitial cystitis is a chronic condition characterized by a combination of bladder pain and sometimes pain in the pelvis. The pain is felt a burning sensation can vary from mild to severe pain.
Interstitial cystitis is also called painful bladder syndrome and more attacking women.Interstitial cystitis can have a negative long-term quality of life.
Symptom
The signs and symptoms of interstitial cystitis vary from person to person. The symptoms of interstitial cystitis include:
1. Pain in the hip or between the vagina and anus in women or between the scrotum and anus in men.
2. Chronic pelvic pain.
3. Frequent urination, but in small quantities and start the day and night. In more severe cases may also urinate 60 times a day.
4. Pain during intercourse.
Symptoms similar to interstitial cystitis, chronic urinary tract infection, but the urine contains no bacteria. Worsening of symptoms may occur if patients experienced interstitial cystitis urinary tract infections.
Cause
The bladder is a hollow muscular organ composed, shaped like a ball and to keep the urine until it is ready to be emptied. In adults, the bladder expands until complete and then give a signal to the brain when it is time to urinate.
The signal is transmitted through the pelvic nerve. In interstitial cystitis, the nerve signals interfere so that people feel the need to urinate more frequently and with smaller volumes than normal.
It 'possible that many people with interstitial cystitis also have defects in the protective lining (epithelium) of their bladder. A leak in the epithelium allows toxic substances in the urine irritate the bladder wall.
Treatments and drugs
A. Oral medications can relieve the symptoms of interstitial cystitis are:
1. Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others), naproxen (Aleve, Anaprox), and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve pain.
2. Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline or imipramine (Tofranil), to help relax your bladder and block pain.
3. Antihistamines such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl, others) and loratadine (Claritin, others), to relieve often to urinate and relieve other symptoms.
4. Pentosan (Elmiron), an oral medication that has been for the treatment of interstitial cystitis. This drug may take up to six months to reduce urinary frequency. Side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances and mild hair loss improves when you stop taking drugs. This drug has not been studied in pregnant women.
B. Nerve stimulation
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) uses mild electric current to relieve pelvic pain and reduce urinary frequency. The power cord is placed under the back or just above the pubic area.
Voltage is given for a few minutes or hours, two or more times a day. In some cases, TENS devices can be inserted into the woman's vagina or anus men.
Scientists believe that TENS may relieve pain and urinary frequency associated with interstitial cystitis by increasing blood flow to the bladder, strengthens the muscles that help control the bladder or triggering the release of substances that block pain.
Another possible treatment is to stimulate the sacral nerve. Modulation of the sacral nerve (the main road between the spinal cord and nerves in the bladder) can reduce the feeling of wanting to urinate immediately.
The method is a thin wire placed near the sacral nerves and provides electrical pulses to the bladder, similar to a pacemaker. If the procedure is successful in reducing symptoms, a permanent device that can be implanted surgically.
C. Inflate the bladder
To this end, stretching the bladder using a water or gas. The procedure can be used as a treatment if the response lasted.
D. The drugs that are implanted into the bladder
Dimethyl sulfoxide, or DMSO (RIMS-50) is inserted into the bladder through a thin, flexible tube (catheter) is inserted through the urethra. The solution is sometimes mixed with other drugs such as local anesthetics.
After being in the bladder for 15 minutes, the solution removed through urination. This method can reduce inflammation and prevent muscle contractions that cause the symptoms of interstitial cystitis.
The new treatment, injecting the bladder using a solution containing a mixture of drugs: lidocaine, sodium bicarbonate and heparin or pentosan may be used to reduce symptoms.
E. Operation
Doctors rarely use surgery as a treatment of interstitial cystitis due to the removal of part or all of the bladder does not relieve pain and other complications can cause. The operation is usually performed only after other treatments have failed.
Options include:
1. Increased bladder. Delete the damaged part of the bladder and replaced it with a piece of the colon. This still leaves the symptoms' of pain and some people still need to empty the bladder with a catheter multiple times a day.
2. Electrocution. Insert the instrument through the urethra to burn ulcers that may arise as a result of interstitial cystitis.
3. Resection. Insert the instrument through the urethra to cut ulcers.
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